Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Metformin reduces chondrocyte pyroptosis in an osteoarthritis mouse model by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation

doi: 10.3892/etm.2022.11146

Figure Lengend Snippet: Metformin can decrease chondrocyte pyroptosis in a destabilization of the medial meniscus model at the protein level. (A) NLRP3, (B) caspase-1, (C) GSDMD and (D) IL-1β immunohistochemistry test results (magnification, x400). Scale bar=100 µm. Black arrows indicate the positive cells. The ratio of positive cells immunoreactive for (E) NLRP3, (F) caspase-1, (G) GSDMD and (H) IL-1β. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test was used to compare data among groups after testing the data for homogeneity of variance. *** P<0.001; ### P<0.001. NLRP3, NOD-like receptor protein 3; GSDMD, gasdermin D.

Article Snippet: Next, the sections were blocked with 5% normal goat serum (OriGene Technologies, Inc.) at 37˚C for 30 min and incubated overnight at 4˚C with the following primary antibodies: Anti-MMP-13 (cat. no. ab39012; 1:300 dilution; Abcam), anti-Col II (cat. no. ab34712; 1:300 dilution; Abcam), anti-NLRP3 (cat. no. ab214185; 1:200 dilution; Abcam), anti-caspase-1 (cat. no. 22915-1-AP; 1:200 dilution; ProteinTech Group, Inc.), anti-GSDMD (cat. no. ab219800; 1:200 dilution; Abcam) and anti-IL-1β (cat. no. ab205924; 1:300 dilution; Abcam).

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Metformin reduces chondrocyte pyroptosis in an osteoarthritis mouse model by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation

doi: 10.3892/etm.2022.11146

Figure Lengend Snippet: Metformin can decrease chondrocyte pyroptosis in a destabilization of the medial meniscus model at gene level. Relative expression levels of (A) NLRP3, (B) caspase-1, (C) GSDMD and (D) IL-1β mRNA. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test was used to compare data among groups after testing the data for homogeneity of variance. * P<0.05 and *** P<0.001; # P<0.05; ## P<0.01; ### P<0.001. NLRP3, NOD-like receptor protein 3; GSDMD, gasdermin D.

Article Snippet: Next, the sections were blocked with 5% normal goat serum (OriGene Technologies, Inc.) at 37˚C for 30 min and incubated overnight at 4˚C with the following primary antibodies: Anti-MMP-13 (cat. no. ab39012; 1:300 dilution; Abcam), anti-Col II (cat. no. ab34712; 1:300 dilution; Abcam), anti-NLRP3 (cat. no. ab214185; 1:200 dilution; Abcam), anti-caspase-1 (cat. no. 22915-1-AP; 1:200 dilution; ProteinTech Group, Inc.), anti-GSDMD (cat. no. ab219800; 1:200 dilution; Abcam) and anti-IL-1β (cat. no. ab205924; 1:300 dilution; Abcam).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Molecular Pain

Article Title: Targeting Vascular endothelial growth factor A with soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 ameliorates nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain

doi: 10.1177/17448069221094528

Figure Lengend Snippet: rpVEGF induces mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. (A). Effect of Vascular endothelial growth factor A (rpVEGFA) on the paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT). After 1 ng, 10 ng and 100 ng rpVEGFA i.t. injection, the PWMT was significantly decreased when compared to control mice; (B). Effect of rpVEGFA on the paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL). Compared with the control group, the PWTL was dramatically reduced after 1 ng, 10 ng and 100 ng rpVEGFA i.t. injection. The results were analyzed by One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and by multiple comparisons. ( n = 6). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The membrane was blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 1 h at room temperature and incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies against VEGFA, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β (1:2000, rabbit; Proteintech), VEGFR2, AKT, p-p38 (1:2000, rabbit; Cell Signaling), p-AKT (1:2000, rabbit, Affinity), and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1, 1:2000, rabbit, Alomone Labs).

Techniques: Injection, Control

Journal: Molecular Pain

Article Title: Targeting Vascular endothelial growth factor A with soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 ameliorates nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain

doi: 10.1177/17448069221094528

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunofluorescence analyses the expression of VEGFA, p-AKT, and TRPV1 in the spinal cord. (a–d). VEGFA (green), p-AKT (red), and TRPV1(red) are mainly expressed in the superficial dorsal horn region (laminae I-II) of the spinal cord. The expression of VEGFA, p-AKT, and TRPV1 was robustly increased in SNI mice, but sFlt1 inhibited this increase (green, b and d). The average optical densities (AODs) in the images were quantified by ImageJ. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM ( n = 3). The results were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and by multiple comparisons. ⁎ p < .05, ⁎⁎ p < .01, and ⁎⁎⁎ p < .001. TRPV1, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1.

Article Snippet: The membrane was blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 1 h at room temperature and incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies against VEGFA, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β (1:2000, rabbit; Proteintech), VEGFR2, AKT, p-p38 (1:2000, rabbit; Cell Signaling), p-AKT (1:2000, rabbit, Affinity), and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1, 1:2000, rabbit, Alomone Labs).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Expressing